Zika Virus in Thailand

In Thailand, residents face concerns related to the Zika Virus transmitted by mosquitoes. Pregnant women, in particular, need to be aware of the risks associated with contracting Zika during their pregnancy. Discover ways to minimize exposure and steps to take if you contract the virus.

The Zika virus, a mosquito-borne disease, has been a significant health concern in many parts of the world, including Thailand. This article aims to provide comprehensive information about the Zika virus in Thailand, its symptoms, prevalence, and the risks it poses, particularly to pregnant women and vulnerable groups. It also offers practical advice on how expats in Thailand can prevent mosquito bites and what to do if infected with the virus.

What is Zika Virus?

Zika virus is a mosquito-borne disease primarily transmitted by the Aedes species of mosquito. Symptoms typically include mild fever, rash, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, and headache. However, many people infected with Zika virus won't have symptoms or will only have mild symptoms. The illness is usually mild with symptoms lasting for several days to a week. However, Zika infection during pregnancy can cause a serious birth defect called microcephaly and other severe brain defects. It is also associated with other complications such as miscarriage, stillbirth, and other birth defects.

Where is Zika Most Prevalent in Thailand?

Thailand has reported cases of Zika virus in several provinces, with the highest number of cases reported in the northeastern region. However, the virus is not confined to any specific area and could potentially be present throughout the country. The risk of Zika virus is higher in areas with a high population of Aedes mosquitoes, such as urban and semi-urban areas, and during the rainy season when mosquito breeding is rampant.

Zika Virus and Pregnancy

Zika virus poses a significant risk to pregnant women due to its potential to cause severe birth defects. If a pregnant woman is infected with the virus, it can be passed to her fetus, leading to microcephaly, a condition where a baby's head is significantly smaller than expected, often due to abnormal brain development. Other complications can include miscarriage, stillbirth, and a range of other physical and neurological abnormalities. Pregnant women or those planning to become pregnant are advised to take extra precautions to avoid mosquito bites if they are in areas where Zika virus is prevalent.

How do Expats in Thailand Prevent Mosquito Bites?

Expats in Thailand can take several measures to prevent mosquito bites and reduce their risk of contracting the Zika virus. These include wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants, using mosquito repellents, staying in places with window and door screens or air conditioning, and removing standing water where mosquitoes can breed. It's also advisable to use bed nets if sleeping in areas exposed to the outdoors.

What if I get Zika Virus in Thailand?

If you suspect you have contracted the Zika virus in Thailand, it's important to seek medical attention promptly. There is currently no specific treatment for Zika; care is based on symptoms. Rest, hydration, and over-the-counter medicines can help with fever and pain. If you have recently travelled to Thailand and feel unwell upon returning home, ensure you inform your healthcare provider of your travel history.

Is Zika Virus Contagious?

Zika virus is primarily transmitted through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. However, it can also be passed from a pregnant woman to her fetus, through sexual contact, and possibly through blood transfusion. It is not spread directly from person to person through casual contact.

Is Zika Virus More Dangerous for Children, Elderly or Immune-Compromised?

While the Zika virus typically causes a mild illness, certain groups may be at higher risk for more severe or complicated illness. This includes individuals with weakened immune systems and older adults. However, the greatest risk is to unborn babies when a pregnant woman contracts the virus. It's crucial for these high-risk groups to take extra precautions to avoid mosquito bites in areas where the Zika virus is prevalent.