10 Things to Know Before Moving to Ethiopia

Are you considering a move to the vibrant and diverse nation of Ethiopia? This East African gem offers a rich tapestry of cultures, languages, and landscapes that can be both exhilarating and challenging for expats. Before you pack your bags and embark on this life-changing journey, there are several key factors to consider ensuring a smooth transition. From understanding the local customs to navigating the practicalities of daily life, here's a curated list of the top 10 things you should know before moving to Ethiopia.

1. Embrace the Cultural Diversity

With over 80 ethnic groups and languages, Ethiopia is a mosaic of cultures. Each group has its own customs, traditions, and even calendar. For instance, the Ethiopian calendar is about seven to eight years behind the Gregorian calendar used in the West, and the country celebrates its New Year in September. It's essential to approach these differences with an open mind and respect. You'll find that Ethiopians are incredibly proud of their heritage and will appreciate your interest in learning about their customs.

2. Learn Some Amharic

Amharic is the official language of Ethiopia, and while English is widely taught in schools, not everyone is fluent. Learning basic Amharic phrases will not only help you navigate daily life but also endear you to the local population. Simple greetings like "Selam" (Hello) or "Ameseginalehu" (Thank you) can go a long way. There are language schools and private tutors available for those who wish to delve deeper into the language.

3. Adjust to the Altitude

Many major cities, including the capital Addis Ababa, are situated at high altitudes. Addis Ababa, for example, sits at around 2,355 meters (7,726 feet) above sea level. This can lead to altitude sickness for newcomers. It's advisable to give yourself time to acclimatize, stay hydrated, and avoid strenuous activities during your first few days in the country.

4. Be Prepared for Connectivity Issues

Internet and mobile connectivity in Ethiopia can be unreliable and is often subject to government restrictions. While there are internet cafes and some areas with Wi-Fi, expats may find the service sporadic. It's also worth noting that social media platforms and certain websites can be blocked. Having a local SIM card and data plan can help, but patience is key when dealing with connectivity in Ethiopia.

5. Understand the Housing Market

Finding accommodation in Ethiopia can be quite different from what you're used to. In cities like Addis Ababa, there's a mix of modern apartments and traditional houses. It's often best to use a local real estate agent to navigate the market. Be prepared for negotiations on rent and be aware that landlords may request several months of rent upfront. Additionally, inspecting the property for water and electricity functionality is crucial, as these services can be intermittent.

6. Get to Know the Cuisine

Ethiopian cuisine is a flavorful adventure, with dishes like injera (a sourdough flatbread) and doro wat (a spicy chicken stew) being staples. Ethiopian food is often shared from a communal plate, symbolizing a bond between those who eat together. Expats should also be aware of fasting periods, particularly for Ethiopian Orthodox Christians, when meat and dairy are not consumed. Trying local dishes and respecting these traditions can be a delightful part of the cultural experience.

7. Navigate the Transportation System

Public transportation in Ethiopia can be chaotic. Buses and minibusses are the main modes of transport but can be overcrowded and may not adhere to a set schedule. For more comfort and convenience, expats often use contract taxis or hire private drivers. If you plan to drive, be cautious as road conditions and local driving habits can be challenging. An international driving permit is typically required for foreigners.

8. Be Mindful of the Economy

The Ethiopian economy is growing, but it's still developing. Cash is king, and while there are ATMs in larger cities, they may not always be reliable. It's wise to have a reserve of cash for emergencies. Credit card acceptance is limited to larger hotels and businesses. Expats should also be aware of the potential for inflation, which can affect the cost of living.

9. Healthcare Considerations

Healthcare facilities in Ethiopia vary widely in quality. While there are some good hospitals and clinics, particularly in Addis Ababa, many areas lack adequate healthcare services. Expats should ensure they have comprehensive health insurance that covers medical evacuation. It's also advisable to bring a supply of any prescription medications, as they may not be readily available locally.

10. Embrace the Ethiopian Time Concept

Timekeeping in Ethiopia may differ from what you're accustomed to. The Ethiopian clock starts at dawn, not midnight. This means that what is 7:00 AM for most of the world is 1:00 in Ethiopian time. While this can be confusing at first, you'll soon get the hang of it. It's a unique aspect of the local culture that once understood, adds to the charm of living in Ethiopia.

Moving to Ethiopia is an opportunity to immerse yourself in a country with a rich history and a promising future. By keeping these tips in mind, you'll be better prepared to navigate the practicalities of life in Ethiopia and enjoy the unique experiences that come with being an expat in this beautiful country.