Brno is the second-largest city in the Czech Republic and serves as the administrative center of the South Moravian Region. It is a city steeped in history, with its origins dating back over a thousand years. Brno boasts a vibrant cultural scene, with numerous theaters, museums, and galleries. The city is also home to the Brno Exhibition Centre, one of the largest exhibition centers in Europe, which hosts international trade fairs and events. Architecturally, Brno is a mix of historic buildings and modern design, exemplified by the UNESCO-listed Villa Tugendhat, a masterpiece of functionalist architecture by Mies van der Rohe. The city's historical center is dominated by the medieval Špilberk Castle and the Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul, which are major landmarks. Brno is also a university town, with over 80,000 students contributing to its lively atmosphere. The city's numerous squares, such as Freedom Square and Vegetable Market, are bustling with activity and host various markets, festivals, and public events throughout the year. Despite its historical charm, Brno is also a hub for innovation and technology, with a strong presence of tech companies and research institutions. The city's green spaces, like Lužánky Park, provide residents with a respite from urban life. Brno's nightlife is dynamic, with a plethora of bars, pubs, and clubs, particularly in the city center and the district of Žabovřesky.