Obtaining a residency visa in Singapore involves a systematic process that is managed by the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) for work visas and the Immigration and Checkpoints Authority (ICA) for other long-term visas. The most common types of residency visas for expatriates are the Employment Pass and the S Pass. The Employment Pass is for foreign professionals, managers, and executives who wish to work in Singapore. Candidates must earn at least SGD 4,500 a month and have acceptable qualifications, typically a good university degree, professional qualifications, or specialist skills. The S Pass is for mid-skilled technical staff with a monthly salary of at least SGD 2,500 and relevant qualifications and work experience. The application process for these passes generally requires the employer to apply on behalf of the prospective expatriate. The employer must demonstrate that the candidate possesses the necessary skills for the job and that the job could not be filled by a suitable local candidate. This is in line with the Fair Consideration Framework, which mandates that employers consider Singaporeans fairly for job opportunities before hiring expatriates. Once the application is submitted, it can take several weeks for the MOM to process it. If approved, the applicant will receive an In-Principle Approval (IPA) letter, which allows them to enter Singapore and arrange for the issuance of the actual pass. The final step involves a medical check-up and the submission of additional documents, such as the applicant's passport details and the IPA letter, to receive the pass. For non-working individuals, such as dependents of work visa holders or those seeking permanent residency, different visas such as the Dependant's Pass or Long-Term Visit Pass may be applicable. The process for these visas is also managed by the ICA and involves proving familial ties or the financial ability to support oneself. Overall, while the process is bureaucratic and requires various forms of documentation and compliance with local employment policies, it is considered efficient and transparent, making it an average challenge for expatriates seeking residency in Singapore.