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Madagascar

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Madagascar, officially known as the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country located in the Indian Ocean, off the southeastern coast of Africa. It is the fourth largest island in the world and is renowned for its unique biodiversity, with many species of plants and animals that are found nowhere else on Earth, such as the famous lemurs. The landscape of Madagascar is diverse, ranging from the rainforests of the east, the dry southern regions, to the highlands in the central part of the island. The country has a rich cultural heritage, influenced by Southeast Asian, African, Arab, and European cultures. Madagascar's economy is largely based on agriculture, including the cultivation of rice, vanilla, and coffee, as well as a growing tourism industry that is drawn by its natural wonders and wildlife. Despite its natural resources, Madagascar is one of the world's poorest countries, with a large portion of the population living below the poverty line. The official languages are Malagasy and French, and the majority of the population adheres to traditional beliefs, Christianity, or a combination of both. Madagascar's political history has been marked by periods of political instability, although it has been working towards a more stable governance structure in recent years. The capital and largest city is Antananarivo, which is situated in the highlands and serves as the political, economic, and cultural center of the country.

Cost of Living

The cost of living in Madagascar is generally low compared to many other countries, with basic goods and services being affordable for the local population, although poverty remains widespread.

Weather

Madagascar has a tropical climate with two main seasons: a hot, rainy season from November to April and a cooler, dry season from May to October. The east coast is subject to tropical cyclones and is wetter than the west coast, which is drier and more semi-arid. The central highlands have a temperate climate, with cooler temperatures and more pronounced seasonal variation.

Educational System Madagascar

The educational system in Madagascar is structured similarly to the French model, as Madagascar was a former French colony. Education is compulsory for children between the ages of 6 and 14. The system is divided into three stages: primary education (école primaire), lower secondary education (collège), and upper secondary education (lycée). Primary education lasts for five years, and upon completion, students receive a Certificate of Primary Studies. Lower secondary education spans four years, culminating in the awarding of the BEPC (Brevet d'Études du Premier Cycle) after passing the national exams. Upper secondary education lasts three years, and students specialize in either general education or technical/vocational studies. Successful completion of this stage leads to the Baccalauréat examination, which is necessary for university admission. The quality of education in Madagascar varies, with urban schools generally better equipped and staffed than rural ones. The country faces challenges such as a shortage of teachers and resources, but efforts are being made to improve educational outcomes. Parents moving to Madagascar from another country should be aware that public schools teach in Malagasy or French, and there are also private and international schools that offer instruction in English and other languages.

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Visa & Residency

Obtaining a residency visa in Madagascar involves several steps and can be considered an average challenge for expats. The most common types of visas that expats apply for are the Transformable Visa and the Business Visa. The Transformable Visa is suitable for those who wish to change their status to that of a resident after entering Madagascar. The Business Visa is intended for those who are planning to engage in professional activities or set up a business in Madagascar. To begin the process, expats must first obtain a long-stay visa from a Malagasy embassy or consulate in their home country. This visa is usually valid for up to 90 days. Upon arrival in Madagascar, expats must then apply for a Carte de Résident (Residence Card) if they wish to stay longer. The application for a Carte de Résident must be submitted to the Ministry of Interior and Decentralization and should include various documents such as a valid passport, birth certificate, marriage certificate if applicable, police clearance from the expat's home country, and proof of financial means or employment in Madagascar. For digital nomads, the Long Stay Visa is the most relevant. It allows them to live in Madagascar for up to 90 days and can be extended if necessary. Digital nomads must provide proof of sufficient funds to support themselves and may need to show a return ticket or a ticket for onward travel. The difficulty of the process can vary depending on the expat's nationality, the completeness of their application, and their ability to meet all the requirements. It is advisable for expats to seek assistance from a local lawyer or a relocation service to navigate the process more smoothly. Additionally, the processing time for residency applications can be lengthy, so expats should plan accordingly and apply well in advance of their intended move date.

Living in Madagascar

Healthcare in Madagascar

The healthcare system in Madagascar is a mix of public and private facilities. The public healthcare system is underfunded and faces challenges such as a shortage of medical professionals, inadequate infrastructure, and limited resources. This often results in long wait times and a lack of access to certain treatments and medications. Private healthcare is available and generally offers higher quality services with more modern facilities and equipment, but it is much more expensive and thus less accessible to the general population. Expats and digital nomads can access public healthcare, but many opt for private health insurance to ensure a higher standard of care. It is advisable for expats to have health insurance that covers medical evacuation, as some medical services may not be available in Madagascar and may require travel to another country.

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