Zika Virus in Fiji

In Fiji, residents face concerns related to the Zika Virus transmitted by mosquitoes. Pregnant women, in particular, need to be aware of the risks associated with contracting Zika during their pregnancy. Discover ways to minimize exposure and steps to take if you contract the virus.

The Zika virus, a mosquito-borne illness, has been a significant health concern in many parts of the world, including Fiji. This article aims to provide comprehensive information about the Zika virus in Fiji, its symptoms, duration of illness, long-lasting effects, and its prevalence. It will also discuss the virus's impact on pregnancy, prevention methods, and what to do if one contracts the virus in Fiji. Furthermore, it will address whether the virus is contagious and if it poses a greater risk to certain demographics such as children, the elderly, or those with compromised immune systems.

What is Zika Virus?

Zika virus is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the Aedes mosquito. Symptoms typically include fever, rash, joint pain, and conjunctivitis (red eyes). The illness is usually mild, with symptoms lasting for several days to a week after being bitten by an infected mosquito. However, infection during pregnancy can cause severe birth defects, including microcephaly and other severe brain abnormalities. Long-term effects of Zika virus can include neurological complications such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, neuropathy, and myelitis.

Where is Zika Most Prevalent in Fiji?

Zika virus was first reported in Fiji in 2015. The virus is prevalent throughout the country, with the highest number of cases reported in the Central and Western divisions. These areas include the capital city of Suva and the tourist hotspot of Nadi. However, it's important to note that Zika can be found in both urban and rural areas of Fiji, as the Aedes mosquito is widespread throughout the country.

Zika Virus and Pregnancy

Zika virus poses a significant risk to pregnant women due to its potential to cause severe birth defects. If a pregnant woman is infected with Zika, the virus can be passed to her fetus during pregnancy or around the time of birth. The most severe consequence of this is microcephaly, a condition where a baby's head is significantly smaller than expected, often due to abnormal brain development. Pregnant women in Fiji are advised to take precautions to avoid mosquito bites and to seek immediate medical attention if they suspect they may have contracted the virus.

How do Expats in Fiji Prevent Mosquito Bites?

Preventing mosquito bites is the best way to avoid contracting the Zika virus. Expats in Fiji can take several measures to protect themselves. These include wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants, using mosquito repellents, and sleeping under mosquito nets. It's also recommended to stay in places with window and door screens or air conditioning. Eliminating mosquito breeding sites, such as standing water in pots, containers, and tires, can also help control the mosquito population.

What if I get Zika Virus in Fiji?

If you suspect you have contracted the Zika virus in Fiji, it's crucial to seek medical attention immediately. There is currently no specific treatment for Zika; care is based on relieving symptoms. Rest, hydration, and over-the-counter medicines to relieve fever and pain are typically recommended. It's also important to avoid mosquito bites during the first week of infection to prevent further spread of the virus.

Is Zika Virus Contagious?

Zika virus is primarily transmitted through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. However, it can also be spread from a pregnant woman to her fetus, through sexual contact, and possibly through blood transfusion. It's important to note that Zika is not spread through casual contact, such as touching or kissing a person with the virus.

Is Zika Virus More Dangerous for Children, the Elderly, or Immune-Compromised?

While the Zika virus typically causes mild symptoms in most people, certain groups may be at higher risk for severe illness. This includes individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing cancer treatment. The elderly may also experience more severe symptoms due to their generally weaker immune systems. However, the greatest risk is to unborn babies, as infection during pregnancy can lead to severe birth defects.