Zika Virus in France

In France, residents face concerns related to the Zika Virus transmitted by mosquitoes. Pregnant women, in particular, need to be aware of the risks associated with contracting Zika during their pregnancy. Discover ways to minimize exposure and steps to take if you contract the virus.

The Zika virus, a mosquito-borne illness that has been linked to severe birth defects and neurological disorders, has been a global health concern since its outbreak in Brazil in 2015. While the virus is most prevalent in tropical regions, cases have been reported in various parts of the world, including France. This article provides an overview of the Zika virus in France, its symptoms, prevalence, and its impact on pregnancy. It also offers advice on how expats in France can prevent mosquito bites and what to do if infected with the virus.

What is Zika Virus?

Zika virus is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the Zika virus. It is primarily transmitted through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito. The symptoms of Zika virus, which include fever, rash, joint pain, and conjunctivitis (red eyes), typically last for several days to a week after being bitten by an infected mosquito. Most people infected with Zika virus won’t even realize they have the disease because the symptoms are usually mild. However, infection during pregnancy can cause severe birth defects, including microcephaly and other severe brain abnormalities. In rare cases, Zika has been linked to Guillain-Barré Syndrome, a neurological disorder that can lead to paralysis and death.

Where is Zika Most Prevalent in France?

France reported its first locally transmitted case of Zika virus in 2010 on the island of New Caledonia. Since then, the majority of Zika cases in France have been reported in its overseas territories, particularly in French Guiana and Martinique. In mainland France, cases of Zika virus have been relatively rare and are usually associated with individuals who have recently traveled to Zika-endemic areas.

Zika Virus and Pregnancy

Zika virus poses a significant risk to pregnant women due to its association with severe birth defects. If a pregnant woman is infected with Zika, the virus can be passed to her fetus during pregnancy or around the time of birth. The most severe consequence of this is microcephaly, a condition where a baby's head is significantly smaller than expected, often due to abnormal brain development. Pregnant women in France, particularly those in Zika-endemic areas, are advised to take precautions to avoid mosquito bites.

How do Expats in France Prevent Mosquito Bites?

Preventing mosquito bites is the best way to avoid Zika virus. Expats in France, particularly those in areas where Zika virus is prevalent, are advised to wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants, stay in places with air conditioning or window and door screens, use insect repellents, and sleep under a mosquito bed net if they are outdoors or living in a place without window and door screens.

What if I get Zika Virus in France?

If you are in France and suspect that you have been infected with Zika virus, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. There is currently no specific treatment for Zika virus, but symptoms can be managed with rest, hydration, and over-the-counter medications for fever and pain. If you are pregnant and suspect that you have been infected with Zika virus, it is crucial to seek prenatal care immediately.

Is Zika Virus Contagious?

Zika virus is not contagious in the traditional sense. It is primarily transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. However, it can also be transmitted from a pregnant woman to her fetus, through sexual contact, and through blood transfusion. There is currently no evidence to suggest that Zika can be spread through casual contact, such as touching or kissing a person with the virus.

Is Zika Virus More Dangerous for Children, Elderly or Immune-Compromised?

While anyone can get Zika virus, it is particularly dangerous for pregnant women due to the risk of severe birth defects. The elderly and those with compromised immune systems may also be at higher risk of developing severe symptoms or complications from Zika virus. However, more research is needed to fully understand the effects of Zika virus on these populations.