10 Things to Know Before Moving to Mongolia

Welcome to the land of the eternal blue sky! If you're considering a move to Mongolia, you're in for an adventure that's as vast as the country's legendary steppes. But before you pack your bags and saddle up for this life-changing journey, there are a few essential things you should know. From the nomadic culture to the extreme climate, each aspect of life in Mongolia offers a unique set of challenges and rewards. Here are the top 10 things to keep in mind as you prepare to become an expat in this beautiful, rugged land.

1. Embrace the Nomadic Culture

Mongolia's rich nomadic heritage is still very much alive today. As an expat, you'll have the opportunity to witness firsthand the traditional lifestyle of herding and moving with the seasons. While city life in Ulaanbaatar is more settled, understanding and respecting the nomadic ways can help you connect with locals and appreciate the country's customs. You might even be invited into a ger (yurt) for a warm cup of suutei tsai (salty milk tea) and a taste of nomadic hospitality.

2. Prepare for Extreme Weather

Mongolia is known for its harsh climate, with temperatures ranging from sweltering summers to frigid winters. Ulaanbaatar holds the title of the coldest capital city in the world, where winter temperatures can plummet to -40°C (-40°F). Ensure you have a wardrobe that can handle the extremes, including a heavy-duty winter coat, thermal layers, and sturdy boots. Conversely, summers can be quite warm, so don't forget to pack lighter clothing for those months.

3. Learn the Language Basics

While younger Mongolians and those working in tourism may speak English, learning some basic Mongolian will go a long way. It's a sign of respect and will help you navigate daily life more smoothly. Start with greetings, numbers, and common phrases. Even if your pronunciation isn't perfect, your efforts will be appreciated and can open doors to deeper cultural experiences and friendships.

4. Get Ready for a Meat-Heavy Diet

Mongolian cuisine is heavily influenced by its nomadic roots, which means meat, especially mutton, is a staple. Vegetarians and vegans may find dining options limited, particularly outside of Ulaanbaatar. However, the capital city is becoming more cosmopolitan, with a growing number of international and vegetarian-friendly restaurants. Still, when visiting rural areas, be prepared for a diet that celebrates the pastoral way of life.

5. Understand the Importance of Horses

Horses are deeply embedded in Mongolian culture and history. They are not only a mode of transportation but also a source of pride and companionship. The annual Naadam Festival showcases the best in horse racing, archery, and wrestling. As an expat, you'll quickly learn that horses are more than just animals here; they are a symbol of the nation's soul. You might even find yourself learning to ride and care for these majestic creatures.

6. Embrace the Local Customs and Etiquette

Mongolian customs may be different from what you're used to, but embracing them will enrich your experience. For example, when offered a gift or a drink, accept it with your right hand or with both hands as a sign of respect. Refusing can be seen as rude. Also, when entering a ger, be sure not to step on the threshold, and avoid pointing your feet at the altar or other people. Observing these customs will show your respect for the local culture.

7. Be Prepared for a Slower Pace of Life

In Mongolia, particularly outside the bustling capital, life moves at a slower pace. This can be a refreshing change, but it also means that services and transportation can take longer than you might be accustomed to. Patience is key, and it's important to adjust your expectations. This slower rhythm allows for more time to appreciate the stunning landscapes and form meaningful connections with the people you meet.

8. Know the Economic Landscape

Mongolia's economy is heavily reliant on mining and agriculture, which can lead to fluctuations and instability. As an expat, it's crucial to understand the economic context, especially if you're moving for work. Research the job market thoroughly, and if possible, secure employment before arriving. Additionally, be aware of the cost of living, which can be surprisingly high in Ulaanbaatar compared to the countryside.

9. Explore the Vast and Varied Landscapes

Mongolia's geography is as diverse as it is expansive. From the Gobi Desert to the snow-capped Altai Mountains, there's a lifetime of exploration waiting for you. Take advantage of your time in Mongolia to travel and experience these different environments. Whether it's a weekend trip to the stunning Lake Khövsgöl or a camel trek through the desert, the country's natural beauty is sure to leave a lasting impression.

10. Connect with the Expat Community

While immersing yourself in Mongolian culture is important, connecting with fellow expats can provide a sense of community and support. There are various expat groups and networks in Ulaanbaatar that organize social events, language exchanges, and cultural outings. These connections can be invaluable for sharing tips, finding resources, and making friends who understand the joys and challenges of expat life in Mongolia.

Moving to Mongolia is not just a change of address; it's a journey into a world of ancient traditions, breathtaking landscapes, and a culture that will challenge and inspire you. Keep these 10 things in mind as you prepare for your adventure, and you'll be well on your way to a successful and fulfilling expat experience in the Land of the Eternal Blue Sky.