Educational System in Ghana

The educational system in Ghana is a vibrant and diverse one, offering a variety of options for both local and international students. The system is structured in stages, each designed to cater to the specific developmental needs of students at different ages. This guide aims to provide expats with a comprehensive understanding of the Ghanaian educational system, including the main stages of education, enrollment procedures, language requirements, availability of bilingual schools, types of private schools, and the possibilities of homeschooling and online schooling.

What are the main stages of education in Ghana?

The Ghanaian educational system is divided into four main stages: Kindergarten, Primary School, Junior High School, and Senior High School. Each stage is designed to cater to the specific developmental needs of students at different ages, with a focus on holistic development and the acquisition of relevant skills and knowledge.

Kindergarten

Kindergarten in Ghana is for children aged 4 to 6. This stage focuses on the development of basic literacy and numeracy skills, as well as social interaction and creative expression. The curriculum is designed to be interactive and engaging, with a strong emphasis on play-based learning.

Primary School

Primary School in Ghana is for children aged 6 to 12. This stage builds on the foundational skills acquired in Kindergarten and introduces students to a broader range of subjects, including English, Mathematics, Science, Social Studies, and local languages.

Junior High School

Junior High School in Ghana is for students aged 12 to 15. This stage prepares students for the Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE), which determines their eligibility for Senior High School. The curriculum includes core subjects like English, Mathematics, Integrated Science, and Social Studies, as well as elective subjects.

Senior High School

Senior High School in Ghana is for students aged 15 to 18. This stage prepares students for the West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE), which determines their eligibility for tertiary education. Students can choose to specialize in General Arts, Science, Business, Vocational, or Technical programs.

How does a newcomer from a different country enroll their kids in school?

Newcomers can enroll their children in Ghanaian schools by first choosing a suitable school and then submitting the necessary documents, which typically include a birth certificate, passport photos, and previous school reports. Some schools may also require an entrance examination or interview. It is advisable to contact the school directly for specific enrollment procedures.

My children are still learning Twi, can they enroll in a public school?

Yes, children who are still learning Twi, the local language, can enroll in public schools in Ghana. English is the medium of instruction in most Ghanaian schools, and additional language support is often available for non-native speakers. However, it is important to note that proficiency in Twi can enhance the learning experience, especially in the early years.

Are there public bilingual schools?

Yes, there are public bilingual schools in Ghana that offer instruction in both English and a local language, usually Twi or Ga. Admission procedures for international students vary by school, so it is advisable to contact the school directly for specific information.

What types of private schools are common in Ghana?

Private schools in Ghana include international schools, faith-based schools (such as Catholic and Islamic schools), and Montessori schools. International schools often follow foreign curricula, such as the British, American, or International Baccalaureate (IB) curriculum, and are popular among expats.

Do expats typically send their children to public or private school?

Expats in Ghana typically send their children to private schools, particularly international schools, due to the familiarity of the curriculum, the availability of additional support for non-native speakers, and the diverse cultural environment.

How expensive are Private schools in Ghana?

The cost of private schools in Ghana varies widely, depending on the type of school and the specific services offered. International schools tend to be the most expensive, with fees ranging from a few thousand to several thousand dollars per term. It is advisable to contact the school directly for specific fee information.

Are you allowed to homeschool while living in Ghana?

Yes, homeschooling is allowed in Ghana, although it is not very common. Parents who wish to homeschool their children are required to follow the national curriculum and may need to register with the Ghana Education Service.

May kids attend online school instead of a local school while living in Ghana?

Yes, children living in Ghana can attend online schools. This option provides flexibility and can be particularly beneficial for families who move frequently or live in remote areas. However, it is important to ensure that the online school is accredited and that the curriculum meets the educational standards of your home country.